October 8th, The winners for the Nobel medal in Chemistry is likely to be announced and thanks to the Thomson and Reuters, who already have their winners prediction list for 2014.
As usual, Thomson Reuters have released their Nobel forecast, which uses citation numbers and other statistical wizardry to predict the winners in each category. This approach has successfully predicted 35 Nobel prize winners over the past 12 years.
The Intellectual Property & Science unit of Thomson Reuters, which also owns the Reuters news service, bases its forecasts on the number of citations of a scientist's published work. These references serve as a proxy for how influential their work is. (This is also how the overall influence and importance of journals and scientists is assessed, a system that is not without its critics.)
The ratings have accurately predicted 35 Nobel laureates since 2002. These include 9 winners predicted in the year of the forecast, and 16 who won within 2 years. Here are this years predictions for the Nobel Prize for Chemistry:
FOR THEIR INVENTION OF THE ORGANIC LIGHT EMITTING DIODE
Ching W. Tang
Professor of Chemical Engineering, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY USA, and Bank of East Asia Professor, Institute for Advanced Study, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong, CHINA
Steven Van Slyke
Chief Technology Officer, Kateeva, Menlo Park, CA USA
STARS OF THE SCREEN(S)
Today, organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDS) are everywhere: TVs, mobile phones, tablets, game consoles, and digital cameras. They all owe a debt to the work of Chin Tang and Steven Van Slyke, formerly employed by the Eastman Kodak research laboratories at Rochester, NY. There they experimented with the kinds of organic molecules that respond to an electric charge by emitting visible light. Tang and Van Slyke published their research in a paper now regarded as the one that initiated a sea change in electroluminescence. In it they revealed how the right combination of organic chemicals could generate useful light without using much electricity.
Their paper was published in 1987 (Applied Physics Letters, 51 [12]: 913-5) and has been cited more than 9,100 times. A year previously, Tang had published a paper in the same journal (48 [2]: 183-5) in which he reported a two-layer organic photovoltaic cell (this report has been cited more than 2,700 times), and other well-cited papers were to follow. The 1986 paper was an inspirational piece of work, coming not from a university or national institute, but from a commercial organization.
FOR DESIGN OF FUNCTIONAL MESOPOROUS MATERIALS
Charles T. Kresge
Chief Technology Officer, Saudi Aramco, Dhahran, SAUDI ARABIA
Ryong Ryoo
Director, Center for Nanomaterials and Chemical Reactions, Institute for Basic Science, and Distinguished Professor, Department of Chemistry, Korea Advanced Institute of Science (KAIST), Daejon, SOUTH KOREA
Galen D. Stucky
E. Khashoggi Industries, LLC Professor, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, and Materials Department, University of California Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA USA
Description:
There are micro-, meso- and macro-porous materials, respectively defined as having pore sizes less than 2 nanometers (micro), between 2 and 50 nm (meso), and greater than 50 nm (macro). The ability to create mesoporous materials, of silicates, silica, or carbon, led to remarkable applications because of their large internal surface areas of up to 1000 m2/g, making them useful as supports for catalysts, for bio-sensors, for imaging, and for selectively separating mixtures.
Naturally occurring mesoporous materials include minerals such as the zeolites. These aluminum silicates have been used for many years and are referred to as molecular sieves. Useful as they are in trapping small molecules like water and metal ions, they are of limited application because of their small pore size. Kresge was the first to show that they could be made in the laboratory and with pores of various sizes. He published his results in Nature (359: 710-2, 1992), a paper that has been cited more than 11,500 times.
Charles T. Kresge
Chief Technology Officer, Saudi Aramco, Dhahran, SAUDI ARABIA
Ryong Ryoo
Director, Center for Nanomaterials and Chemical Reactions, Institute for Basic Science, and Distinguished Professor, Department of Chemistry, Korea Advanced Institute of Science (KAIST), Daejon, SOUTH KOREA
Galen D. Stucky
E. Khashoggi Industries, LLC Professor, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, and Materials Department, University of California Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA USA
Description: There are micro-, meso- and macro-porous materials, respectively defined as having pore sizes less than 2 nanometers (micro), between 2 and 50 nm (meso), and greater than 50 nm (macro). The ability to create mesoporous materials, of silicates, silica, or carbon, led to remarkable applications because of their large internal surface areas of up to 1000 m2/g, making them useful as supports for catalysts, for bio-sensors, for imaging, and for selectively separating mixtures.
Naturally occurring mesoporous materials include minerals such as the zeolites. These aluminum silicates have been used for many years and are referred to as molecular sieves. Useful as they are in trapping small molecules like water and metal ions, they are of limited application because of their small pore size. Kresge was the first to show that they could be made in the laboratory and with pores of various sizes. He published his results in Nature (359: 710-2, 1992), a paper that has been cited more than 11,500 times.
FOR DEVELOPMENT OF THE REVERSIBLE ADDITION-FRAGMENTATION CHAIN TRANSFER (RAFT) POLYMERIZATION PROCESS
Graeme Moad
Chief Research Scientist , CSIRO, Clayton, Victoria, AUSTRALIA
Ezio Rizzardo
CSIRO Fellow, CSIRO, Clayton, Victoria, AUSTRALIA
San H. Thang
Chief Research Scientist, CSIRO, Clayton, Victoria, AUSTRALIA
Description:
POLYMERS SYNTHESIZED TO ORDER
Graeme Moad
Chief Research Scientist , CSIRO, Clayton, Victoria, AUSTRALIA
Ezio Rizzardo
CSIRO Fellow, CSIRO, Clayton, Victoria, AUSTRALIA
San H. Thang
Chief Research Scientist, CSIRO, Clayton, Victoria, AUSTRALIA
Description:
Polymers such as polyacrylate, polyacrylonitrile, polystyrene, and polyvinyl acetate make up many of products that we encounter every day. They are produced by a process known as radical polymerization, which involves a simple monomer molecule accepting an electron to form a free radical which then reacts with a second molecule, and this then repeats the process, so the polymer chain grows until it meets a unit that can terminate the process, such as another free radical. Several factors control this process, so it is perhaps not surprising that the chain length of the product can vary greatly.
Although such polymers have been around for 70 years or more, their chemistry took a major step forward in the 1990s thanks to three chemists working at one of Australia’s Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation (CSIRO) centers, at Clayton, Melbourne, in the state of Victoria. The paper which revealed their breakthrough was published inMacromolecules (31: 5559-62, 1998) and has been cited more than 2,700 times.
Google Hangout by C&EN and Noble Prize committee...
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